Quality factors of materials used in furnace construction Quartz acid furnace lining materials are generally used. The silicon content of quartz sand and quartz powder should be above 99.5%, with oily crystals, transparent and free of impurities. (Silicon content 99.85%, hardness 8, density 2.65, refractoriness 1850 degrees). Binder factors used in furnace construction Traditional furnace…
Feeding: The operation of adding raw materials such as molten iron or scrap steel to the electric furnace or converter is the first step of the steelmaking operation. Slagging: The operation of adjusting the slag composition, alkalinity, viscosity, and reaction ability in the production of steel and iron. The purpose is to smelt the metal…
The function of the tension leveler The arc continuous casting machine is the main force in the production of cast billets in the iron and steel industry. Square billets, rectangular billets and round billets are generally produced by arc continuous casting machines, occupying a dominant position, even if the continuous casting machine adopts a straight…
Raw materials: What are the raw materials used for carbon production? In carbon production, the commonly used raw materials can be divided into two types: solid carbon raw materials and binders and impregnants. Solid carbon raw materials include petroleum coke, pitch coke, metallurgical coke, anthracite, natural graphite and graphite crushed, etc.; binders and impregnants include…
The generation mechanism of the slag circle: The temperature of the protective slag at the meniscus near the slag crystallizer is only 1200~1300°C, and so-called slag circles often appear during casting. The formation of the slag ring is caused by the adhesion of the sintered layer and the semi-molten layer of the mold slag in…
The effect of phosphorus on the properties of steel Phosphorus exists in the form of iron phosphide in steel, generally represented by [P]. Its specific effects on steel properties are: 1) It can deteriorate the welding performance of steel; 2) Reduce the plasticity and toughness of the steel, and make the steel cold brittle, that…
In actual production, in the specific steel processing stage, the defects that affect the quality of hot-rolled strip are explored and researched, and the technical problems and the ways to solve the problems are found, which will improve the overall production quality of the steel industry. Corresponding costs and improving the qualification rate have very…
Problem analysis: 1.1 The bottom of the ladle has poor corrosion resistance The corrosion of refractory materials is divided into physical erosion and chemical erosion. Physical erosion refers to the erosion of refractory materials by impact and other mechanical effects; while chemical erosion refers to the resistance of refractory materials to changes in temperature and…
The casting billet with a liquid core coming out of the mold, under the action of bending, straightening or wheel pressure, produces cracks at the solidifying, very fragile solid-liquid interface, called internal cracks. Such internal cracks can be severely visible to the naked eye through acid leaching and sulfur mark tests of cast billet samples.…